The standards for drinking water quality are typically set by governments or by international standards. Water purification can reduce the concentration of particulate matter including suspended particles, parasites, bacteria, algae, viruses, and fungi as well as reduce the concentration of a range of dissolved and particulate matter.
The methods used include physical processes such as filtration, sedimentation, and distillation biological processes such as slow sand filters or biologically active carbon chemical processes such as flocculation and chlorination and the use of electromagnetic radiation such as ultraviolet light. The history of water purification includes a wide variety of methods. Most water is purified and disinfected for human consumption ( drinking water), but water purification may also be carried out for a variety of other purposes, including medical, pharmacological, chemical, and industrial applications. The goal is to produce water that is fit for specific purposes. Water purification is the process of removing undesirable chemicals, biological contaminants, suspended solids, and gases from water.
For treatment of wastewater, see wastewater treatment. This article is about treatment of natural water sources (mainly).
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